Nrog kev txhim kho sai ntawm lub zog huv xws li cua fais fab thiab photovoltaics, lub peev xwm ntsia tau kuj nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, cua fais fab thiab photovoltaics yog tag nrho cov hluav taws xob tsis ruaj khov thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm lwm qhov chaw ib puag ncig. Lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev lag luam photovoltaic yog overcapacity thiab oversupply, thiab nws cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog vim li cas daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau lub zog tsis ruaj khov. Tshaj qhov siab tshaj qhov txwv yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim phiaj fais fab. Yog li, puas yuav huv lub zog xws li photovoltaics tsis tsim? Qhov ntawd yog ua tsis tau. Raws li lub teb chaws lub zog loj, kev tsim lub zog huv yog lub tswv yim ntawm lub teb chaws, thiab kev txhim kho ntawm photovoltaics tsuas yog mus txog lub sijhawm fwj. Kev txhim kho thiab hloov pauv ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob twb tau ua tiav lawm, thiab ib hom tshiab ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob uas hloov mus rau kev tsim cov hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob twb tau tsim. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav ua li cas thiaj tswj tau qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog nquag thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob zoo kuj yog ib feem ntawm kev tsim cov tshuab photovoltaic.
1 Tswj lub zog ua haujlwm
1. Dab tsi yog lub zog ua haujlwm
Lub zog hluav taws xob yog hais txog tus nqi hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau, ntsuas hauv watts (W). Nyob rau hauv photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag, active zog yog tsuas yog txiav txim los ntawm lub hwj chim tiam muaj peev xwm ntawm photovoltaic modules thiab yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tej yam xws li lub teeb siv thiab kub.
2. Tswj txoj kev
2.1. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) yog cov txheej txheem kev tswj hwm uas nquag hloov kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub inverter los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov zis hluav taws xob thiab tam sim no ntawm photovoltaic modules nyob rau lub sijhawm los xyuas kom meej tias lub photovoltaic system ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm nws lub zog siab tshaj plaws. MPPT tswj algorithm tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntawm photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag.
2.2. Daim phiaj txuas nrog inverter tswj
Inverter yog ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntawm photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag nrog rau daim phiaj fais fab. Los ntawm kev tswj lub inverter, nws muaj peev xwm tswj tau lub zog nquag. Inverters tuaj yeem tswj cov zis ntawm lub zog nquag los ntawm kev kho cov zis tam sim no thiab qhov hluav taws xob raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob.
2.3. Fais fab txwv Strategy
Qee qhov xwm txheej, daim phiaj hluav taws xob yuav muaj kev thauj khoom ntau dhau, thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yuav tsum tau txo cov zis hluav taws xob los ntawm cov tswv yim txwv fais fab los xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub zog tso zis txwv kev ua haujlwm ntawm inverter.
2 Tswj lub zog reactive
1. Lub tswv yim ntawm reactive hwj chim
Reactive zog yog hais txog lub zog hluav taws xob siv los tsim hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus teb, ntsuas hauv reactive zog (VAR). Reactive fais fab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hluav taws xob thiab kev txhim kho lub zog hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
2. Tswj txoj kev
2.1. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob reactive
Photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag tuaj yeem nruab nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov ua haujlwm, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li qub (SVG) thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li qub (STATCOM). Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem teb sai sai rau daim phiaj xav tau, tswj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob reactive, thiab txhim kho qhov voltage stability ntawm daim phiaj.
2.2. Reactive zog tswj ntawm inverter
Niaj hnub nimno inverters feem ntau muaj reactive zog tswj peev xwm. Los ntawm kev kho cov zis tam sim no theem ntawm lub inverter, photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag tuaj yeem ua tiav kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog reactive kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim phiaj fais fab. Lub inverter tuaj yeem raug teeb tsa rau "reactive zog teb hom" kom tau txais kev kho reactive zog tso zis raws li cov kev hloov hauv daim phiaj voltage.
2.3. Dynamic voltage tswj
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm daim phiaj sib txuas, cov chaw siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov kab hluav taws xob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab kho lub zog reactive los ntawm cov tswv yim tswj hluav taws xob dynamic. Ua kom reactive zog tso zis thaum lub voltage yog tsawg; Txo cov hluav taws xob reactive tawm thaum qhov hluav taws xob siab dhau los tswj cov kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv qhov chaw nyab xeeb.
3 Nyuaj hauv kev tswj tshuab rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic
Cov qauv kev sib txuas:Cov cheeb tsam sib txawv thiab lub teb chaws muaj cov qauv sib txuas sib txawv thiab cov kev cai rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev sib txuas hauv zos hauv zos thaum tswj xyuas lub zog ua haujlwm thiab rov ua haujlwm, uas yuav ua rau muaj qee yam kev nyuaj.
Grid fluctuations:Kev hloov pauv hauv daim phiaj thauj khoom thiab qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau lub zog tswj lub tswv yim ntawm photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag. Thaum lub sij hawm ncov tshaj plaws, cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic tuaj yeem ntsib qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev thov kom muaj zog ntxiv, thaum lub sijhawm tawm ntawm lub sijhawm siab tshaj, lawv yuav tsum tau txo cov zis.
Technological maturity:Txawm hais tias niaj hnub photovoltaic inverters muaj peev xwm tswj tau muaj zog, kev loj hlob ntawm lawv cov kev tswj algorithms thiab thev naus laus zis tseem yuav tsum tau txhim kho txuas ntxiv hauv cov kev siv tswv yim txhawm rau tiv nrog qhov nyuaj ntawm cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob.
Intelligent tswj:Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Is Taws Nem ntawm Yam thiab cov cuab yeej txawj ntse, photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag yuav maj mam txav mus rau kev txawj ntse tswj. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev kawm tshuab, photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tswv yim tswj lub sijhawm tiag tiag rau lub zog muaj zog thiab rov ua haujlwm, txhim kho lub zog tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim phiaj.
Distributed zog tswj:Photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev faib hluav taws xob thiab ua haujlwm hauv kev sib koom ua ke nrog rau lwm lub zog tauj dua tshiab. Los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj kev tswj hwm kev faib hluav taws xob, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua tiav, ntxiv kev txhim kho qhov yooj yim thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob.