Nrog txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab, lub zog hluav taws xob photovoltaic thiab lub zog cia tau maj mam dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog ntsuab. Tau 20 xyoo dhau los, photovoltaics thiab lub zog cia tau kis mus rau txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub nroog thiab cov chaw nyob deb nroog, thoob plaws kev lag luam sib txawv. Yog li, raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm photovoltaics thiab lub zog cia, puas yog inverters tib yam?
1 photovoltaic inverter
Lub photovoltaic inverter yog lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb uas hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha (DC) tsim los ntawm photovoltaic modules rau hauv alternating tam sim no (AC). Vim qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic yog qhov ncaj qha tam sim no, thaum feem ntau cov tshuab hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev siv hloov tam sim no, lub luag haujlwm ntawm photovoltaic inverters yog los hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha rau hauv alternating tam sim no uas ua tau raws li cov qauv kab sib chaws.
1. Txoj cai ntawm photovoltaic inverter
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm photovoltaic inverter yog ncua sij hawm rov qab hloov DC tam sim no los ntawm kev hloov cov ntsiab lus xws li IGBT lossis MOSFET, thiab tsim cov khoom tso tawm AC ruaj khov tom qab lim, tswj, thiab kev tswj hwm. Cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav los ntawm lub inverter Circuit Court, feem ntau yog siv pulse width modulation (PWM) technology los xyuas kom meej tias cov zis voltage thiab zaus ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm daim phiaj fais fab.
Lub inverter kuj muaj xws li MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) maub los, uas yog siv los kho qhov chaw khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub photovoltaic modules nyob rau lub sij hawm, kom lub photovoltaic system yeej ib txwm ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub optimum fais fab tso zis lub xeev, yog li txhim kho lub zog lub zog. tiam efficiency. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau lub inverters tam sim no kuj muaj lub luag haujlwm xws li kev caij tsheb tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob los ntawm thiab kev tiv thaiv Island.
2. Kev faib tawm ntawm photovoltaic inverters
Classified los ntawm cov qauv:
Centralized inverter:haum rau loj-scale photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag, nws aggregates DC lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov photovoltaic modules rau hauv ib tug inverter rau conversion. Centralized inverters muaj lub peev xwm loj thiab feem ntau yog siv hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic loj.
Txoj hlua inverter:haum rau me me thiab nruab nrab-qhov loj me photovoltaic fais fab nroj tsuag, ntau lub photovoltaic modules txuas nrog nyob rau hauv series, thiab ntau inverters yog siv los invert cov zis ntawm txhua txoj hlua nyias. Txoj hlua inverters muaj tus nqi qis thiab hloov tau yooj yim installation, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau kev faib cov tshuab photovoltaic xws li cov tsev nyob thiab kev lag luam.
Micro inverter:Txhua photovoltaic module yog nruab nrog lub inverter me me uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub zog DC ntawm txhua lub vaj huam sib luag. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem txo qis kev tsim hluav taws xob poob los ntawm ib feem ntawm cov duab ntxoov ntxoo los yog qhov tsis raug, thiab tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic hauv tsev.
Muab faib los ntawm txoj kev ua haujlwm:
Daim phiaj txuas nrog inverter:Nws xa cov hluav taws xob AC uas tsim los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob photovoltaic rau hauv daim phiaj pej xeem, feem ntau ua tau raws li cov qauv kev cai ntawm lub tuam txhab fais fab, thiab tsim nyog rau daim phiaj txuas nrog photovoltaic zog tsim tshuab.
Off-grid inverter:Siv rau hauv thaj chaw uas tsis muaj kab sib txuas, nws khaws cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob los ntawm cov roj teeb thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej.
2 Lub zog cia inverter
Lub zog cia inverters yog siv los hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha (DC) khaws cia hauv cov roj teeb rau hauv qhov hloov pauv tam sim no (AC) thiab tswj cov txheej txheem them thiab tawm ntawm cov roj teeb. Lub zog cia inverters thiab photovoltaic inverters muaj qhov zoo sib xws hauv kev ua haujlwm, tab sis vim qhov tseeb tias lub zog cia tshuab tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov kab sib txuas, tab sis kuj tseem muaj xws li kev tswj roj teeb, lub zog cia inverters yuav tsum muaj kev tswj thiab tswj ntau dua.
1. Txoj cai ntawm lub zog cia inverter
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog cia inverter yog hloov lub zog DC hauv cov roj teeb rau hauv cov qauv AC fais fab los ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob inverter. Zoo ib yam li photovoltaic inverters, lub zog cia inverters kuj hloov tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau hauv alternating tam sim no los ntawm kev hloov cov ntsiab lus.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub zog cia inverter kuj tseem muaj lub roj teeb tswj kev tswj hwm (BMS), uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm ntawm lub roj teeb them thiab tshem tawm cov xwm txheej, qhov hluav taws xob, tam sim no, qhov kub thiab txias thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm lub roj teeb. . Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub zog cia inverters tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kab sib chaws thiab txhawb kev sib txuas lus bidirectional, uas yog, tawm tswv yim lub zog hluav taws xob hauv lub roj teeb rau hauv daim phiaj, lossis them nqi ntawm daim phiaj thaum lub zog hluav taws xob tsis txaus.
2. Kev faib tawm ntawm lub zog cia inverter
Daim phiaj txuas nrog lub zog cia inverter: haum rau daim phiaj sib txuas nrog lub zog khaws cia, muaj peev xwm tso tawm cov hluav taws xob khaws cia rau hauv daim phiaj lossis muab lub zog thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thaum daim phiaj tsis ua haujlwm.
Tawm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob cia inverter: siv nyob rau hauv cov chaw sib cais lossis cov txheej txheem thaub qab thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev los hloov cov hluav taws xob hauv lub zog cia roj teeb rau hauv kev hloov tam sim no rau siv hauv tsev lossis khoom siv.
3. Daim ntawv thov scenarios ntawm lub zog cia inverters
Tsev zog cia system:Thaum siv ua ke nrog lub hnub ci photovoltaic systems, lub zog txuag hluav taws xob hauv tsev tuaj yeem hloov cov hluav taws xob khaws cia hauv lub roj teeb rau hauv AC lub zog rau kev siv hauv tsev, lossis xa cov hluav taws xob ntxiv rau hauv daim phiaj.
Industrial thiab coj mus muag zog cia system:siv los sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev xav tau, txhawb cov lus teb xav tau, thiab muab kev txhawb zog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws xob siab tshaj.
Grid zog cia:muab cov khoom sib npaug rau daim phiaj, thiab daim phiaj hluav taws xob khaws cia tuaj yeem khaws hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm xav tau qis thiab tso hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm ncov kom ua kom zoo dua daim phiaj.
3 Kev sib piv ntawm photovoltaic inverters thiab lub zog cia inverters
Txawm hais tias photovoltaic inverters thiab lub zog cia inverters yog ob lub zog hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv los hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha mus rau qhov hloov tam sim no, lawv muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, kev ua haujlwm, thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios.
| Distinguishing cov khoom | PV inverter | Lub zog cia inverter |
|---|---|---|
| Basic muaj nuj nqi | Hloov cov direct tam sim no (DC) generated los ntawm photovoltaic modules rau alternating tam sim no (AC). | Hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha (DC) khaws cia rau hauv lub roj teeb rau hauv alternating tam sim no (AC). |
| Bidirectional zog conversion | Feem ntau ib-txoj kev hloov dua siab tshiab, los ntawm ncaj qha tam sim no mus rau alternating tam sim no. | Nruab nrog bidirectional lub zog hloov pauv muaj nuj nqi, nws tuaj yeem hloov AC lub zog rau DC lub zog thiab them cov roj teeb. |
| Daim ntawv thov scenarios | Lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic, xws li kab hluav taws xob txuas rau tsev neeg, kev lag luam, lossis cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic loj. | Lub tshuab hluav taws xob cia, xws li tsev neeg thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam, lossis kev tswj xyuas kab sib chaws, txhawb nqa roj teeb them thiab tso tawm. |
| Roj teeb tswj kev ua haujlwm |
Nws tsis koom nrog kev tswj hwm roj teeb thiab feem ntau tsom rau lub zog hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuab photovoltaic. |
Nrog rau Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob (BMS), saib xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm cov roj teeb, kev them nqi thiab kev tso tawm kom ntseeg tau tias roj teeb muaj kev nyab xeeb. |
| Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) | Nruab nrog MPPT muaj nuj nqi txhawm rau txhim kho lub zog tso zis ntawm photovoltaic modules. | Nws tsis cuam tshuam txog kev taug qab lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov cell photovoltaic, tab sis tsom ntau dua rau kev tswj hwm roj teeb thiab kev them nqi. |
| Kev tswj hluav taws xob | Feem ntau, nws tsis koom nrog kev tswj hwm roj teeb hluav taws xob thiab ncaj qha hloov tam sim no mus rau alternating tam sim no. | Nruab nrog kev tswj qhov hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi, nws tuaj yeem kho qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ntawm lub roj teeb kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. |
| Daim phiaj-kev sib tham sib | Sib cuam tshuam nrog daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab pub cov hloov tam sim no uas tsim los ntawm photovoltaic zog rau hauv daim phiaj. | Txhawb nqa bidirectional zog khiav, muab lub zog hauv daim phiaj lossis tawm tswv yim hluav taws xob rau hauv daim phiaj. |
| Lub zog ntau | Feem ntau yog siv rau cov nplai ntawm cov tshuab photovoltaic, los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob me me mus rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic loj. | Haum rau lub zog cia tshuab, lub zog ntau yog feem ntau me me rau nruab nrab-qhov loj me. |
| Tus nqi lag luam | Tus nqi qis, feem ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov system loj thiab lub zog inverter. | Ntau dua, vim qhov xav tau rau kev tswj hwm roj teeb thiab kev hloov hluav taws xob bidirectional, tus nqi feem ntau yog siab dua. |
| Kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis | Txhim kho efficiency, txo qhov poob, thiab txhim kho mus rau kev txawj ntse thiab kev saib xyuas tej thaj chaw deb. | Txhim kho lub peev xwm tswj cov roj teeb, kev teem sijhawm ntse, thiab kev ua kom zoo tshaj qhov kev them nqi. |