Kev saib xyuas thoob ntiaj teb rau kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov yog nce ntxiv, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv raws li tus choj txuas cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cia hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub zog tshiab tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog kev nce ntawm lub zog khaws cia thev naus laus zis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm inverters raws li lub zog cia interfaces tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb, thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog cia kev lag luam tau qhib cov ntsiab lus tshiab kev lag luam rau cov tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam photovoltaic inverter.
Inverter manufacturers nquag tsim cov khoom nrog lub zog cia interfaces los txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tsev thiab kev lag luam zog cia systems. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv, tag nrho cov khoom xa tuaj ntawm photovoltaic inverters hauv Suav teb (hauv av) mus txog 131.7GW hauv 2022, nce txog 60GW piv rau xyoo dhau los, nrog kev loj hlob txhua xyoo ntawm 85%; Lub ntim khoom xa tuaj hauv 2023 yog txog 170GW; Nws cia siab tias los ntawm 2024, cov khoom xa tuaj ntim yuav tshaj 200GW. Kev nce ntawm kev lag luam tsheb hluav taws xob tau ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv kev thov rau inverter. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias kev muag khoom ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob hauv Suav teb xav tias yuav ncav cuag 13.3 lab units hauv xyoo 2024, uas tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tau muab txoj hauv kev loj hlob ntxiv rau kev lag luam inverter.
1. Inverter kev lag luam saw qauv
Inverter kev lag luam saw tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb qhov txuas: sab saud, nruab nrab, thiab qis:
Cov dej ntws ntawm lub inverter feem ntau suav nrog cov khoom siv raw, suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (IGBT, capacitors, resistors, reactors, PCBs, thiab lwm yam), cov khoom siv (cov txee, chassis, thiab lwm yam), thiab cov khoom siv. Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev tswj tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv raw no muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab tus nqi ntawm inverter. Ntawm lawv, IGBT, raws li tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob semiconductor, yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm inverters thiab cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb hauv qab hluav taws xob ntawm photovoltaic inverters.
Lub ntiaj teb no IGBT kev lag luam muaj ib tug siab concentration, nrog rau sab saum toj plaub IGBT module manufacturers muaj ib tug concentration ntawm 58.2%, tsim ib tug oligopoly lag luam. Vim lawv pib lig, Suav IGBT module manufacturers yuav tsum txhim kho lawv cov kev sib tw. Tam sim no, domestically tsim IGBT modules yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv tsawg-power inverters.
Qhov nruab nrab ntawm inverters yog hais txog kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm inverters, nrog rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, kev tsim khoom, thiab kev muag khoom ntawm photovoltaic inverters thiab lub zog cia inverters. Lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb ntawm photovoltaic inverters suav nrog Huawei, Sunac Fais Fab, Jinlang Technology, thiab lwm yam. Cov tuam txhab no tsis tas li tsim kho tshiab hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho technology, tab sis tseem txhawb kev lag luam kev loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub zog cia inverters, nrog kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog cia kev lag luam, qhov kev thov rau lub zog cia inverters kuj tseem nce ntxiv.
Lub hauv paus ntawm inverters yog daim ntawv thov kev tsim hluav taws xob hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, suav nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, tsim hluav taws xob cua, lub zog cia, tsheb hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. Photovoltaic inverters feem ntau ua haujlwm rau thaj chaw ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, tsim hluav taws xob cua, thiab lub zog khaws cia, thiab tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj zog ntsuab hloov pauv. Nrog kev nce ntawm kev lag luam tsheb hluav taws xob, kev siv cov inverters hauv hluav taws xob tsheb them cov chaw tau dhau los ua qhov dav.
2. Kev Tsim Kho Kev Lag Luam ntawm Inverter Kev Lag Luam
Kev txhim kho hluav taws xob zoo
Yav tom ntej inverters yuav muab qhov tseem ceeb dua rau kev txhim kho kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab txo qis hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm tam sim no (DC) rau alternating tam sim no (AC) kev hloov pauv. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiam tshiab xws li silicon carbide thiab gallium nitride, nrog rau kev tswj hwm kev txawj ntse, inverters yuav muaj peev xwm hloov hluav taws xob zoo dua rau hauv kev hloov pauv tam sim no. Cov qauv no tsis tsuas yog txhawb nqa kev txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob tag nrho, tab sis kuj pab txo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Miniaturization thiab portability
Lub miniaturization thiab portability ntawm inverters yog ib qho kev nce zuj zus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev ua ub no sab nraum zoov, kev siv hluav taws xob thaum muaj xwm ceev, thiab hluav taws xob xav tau hauv thaj chaw deb. Cov neeg tsim khoom tau cog lus los tsim cov khoom sib zog thiab ntau dua compact inverters, txo lawv qhov loj me yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv hnyav thiab cov qauv tsim tshiab.
Kev txawj ntse thiab kev sib koom ua ke
Yav tom ntej inverters yuav integrate Internet ntawm Tej Yam (IoT) thiab ntse daim phiaj technologies ntau dav, ua kom tiav kev sib txuas lus bidirectional thiab cov ntaub ntawv pauv nrog lub hwj chim daim phiaj. Intelligent inverters tuaj yeem saib xyuas thiab kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub sijhawm tiag tiag, hloov mus rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub zog daim phiaj xav tau, thiab sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog li txhawb kev ruaj ntseg ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Cov thev naus laus zis no tseem yuav pab txhawb kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab xws li hnub ci thiab cua zog rau hauv daim phiaj, muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tswj xyuas lub zog huv.
Txhim kho compatibility thiab multifunctionality
Txhawm rau hloov mus rau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios, yav tom ntej inverters yuav ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib raug zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntshiab sine yoj inverters thiab inverter generators enables inverters hloov mus rau ntau hom roj teeb hom (xws li lithium roj teeb, lead-acid roj teeb, thiab lwm yam) thiab txuas nrog ntau lub zog tauj dua tshiab (xws li hnub ci thiab cua zog). Qhov kev sib raug zoo no tso cai rau cov tshuab hluav taws xob huv kom sib xyaw ua ke kom yooj yim dua thiab pab cov neeg siv ua kom muaj kev ywj pheej ntau dua.
Kev ntseeg siab thiab kav ntev
Inverters xav tau kev ntseeg siab hauv cov ntawv thov txhua hnub kom ntseeg tau tias lawv txoj haujlwm ruaj khov mus ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab nraum zoov. Yav tom ntej inverter tsim yuav muab qhov tseem ceeb dua rau kev ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm ntev, siv cov khoom zoo los xyuas kom meej tias lawv tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv qhov chaw hnyav xws li kub thiab av noo. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev txhim kho cov cua kub dissipation technology thiab siv cov huab cua resistant enclosures, nws yuav muab kev tiv thaiv ntau ruaj rau inverters ntsia sab nraum zoov.
Tus nqi txo thiab nrov
Los ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov nplai, cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm inverters yuav raug txo ntxiv, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov neeg siv hauv tsev thiab cov lag luam kom nkag mus rau inverter thev naus laus zis thiab ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob huv huv. Cov qauv no yuav ua rau muaj kev nyiam ntawm cov inverters hauv tsev neeg, kev lag luam, thiab kev lag luam, thiab ua kom lub ntiaj teb hloov pauv mus rau lub zog huv.