Hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic faib, cov kab lus sib txawv xws li kab sib txuas, tawm kab sib chaws, thiab microgrid feem ntau pom. Lawv tus yam ntxwv yog dab tsi? Dab tsi yog qhov txawv? Qhov tseeb, lawv sawv cev rau ntau lub zog tsim hluav taws xob ntsig txog kev faib hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb tsis tsuas yog qhia txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm daim phiaj sib txuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, kab sib txuas txuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, tawm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob cia hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob, thiab microgrids, tab sis kuj muab piv rau lawv cov kev sib txuas nrog daim phiaj hluav taws xob, lub zog. Cov khoom siv khaws cia, cov ntawv thov scenarios, thiab lwm yam hauv lub rooj kom siv tau yooj yim.
Daim phiaj txuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob
Daim phiaj txuas nrog photovoltaic system yog hais txog lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic ncaj qha txuas rau pej xeem lub zog hluav taws xob. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab ke no suav nrog photovoltaic modules, daim phiaj txuas nrog inverters, bidirectional meters, thiab daim phiaj fais fab nws tus kheej. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm daim phiaj txuas nrog inverters yog los hloov cov tam sim no ncaj qha tsim los ntawm photovoltaic modules rau hauv alternating tam sim no, uas yog tom qab ntawd muab rau cov khoom hauv zos. Cov hluav taws xob ntau dhau raug muag rov qab rau hauv daim phiaj los ntawm kev ntsuas bidirectional.
Daim phiaj sib txuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tso siab rau sab nraud daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab siv hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm "spontaneous self use, surplus grid connection" lossis "tag nrho grid connection". Thaum muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub kaw lus tsis ua haujlwm los tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob rov qab mus rau hauv daim phiaj, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
Off-grid power generation system
Tawm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab tsis txuas nrog nws. Nws muaj cov photovoltaic modules, tawm ntawm daim phiaj inverters, roj teeb, thiab loads. Cov kab ke no yog kev ywj pheej kiag li thiab tsis tso siab rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob, haum rau thaj chaw deb tsis muaj kab sib chaws lossis thaj chaw uas muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua. Off grid systems yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub zog cia khoom, feem ntau yog cov roj teeb, siv thaum hmo ntuj los yog nyob rau hauv lub teeb tsis tshua muaj.
Tawm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob tsis txhob cia siab rau ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, tso siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm "kho thaum siv" lossis "kho ua ntej siv", thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Cov kab ke no muaj qhov ua tau zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub zog cia khoom xws li roj teeb los khaws cov hluav taws xob tsim tawm thaum nruab hnub rau kev siv hmo ntuj lossis tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo.
Hybrid zog cia thiab tiam system
Hybrid zog cia lub zog tsim hluav taws xob tshuab tau dav siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua, lossis qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob photovoltaic tsis tuaj yeem tsim hluav taws xob ntxiv rau daim phiaj sib txuas, qhov twg tus nqi hluav taws xob siv tus kheej ntau dua li cov nqi sib txuas, thiab qhov twg cov nqi hluav taws xob siab tshaj. ntau dua tus nqi hluav taws xob hauv hav.
Lub kaw lus muaj photovoltaic modules, hnub ci hybrid integrated tshuab, roj teeb, loads, thiab lwm yam. Lub photovoltaic array converts hnub ci zog rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog nyob rau hauv illumination, thiab muab lub hwj chim rau lub load thiab tsub lub roj teeb los ntawm lub hnub ci tswj inverter integrated tshuab; Thaum tsis muaj lub teeb, lub roj teeb muab lub zog rau lub hnub ci tswj inverter integrated tshuab, thiab tom qab ntawd muab lub zog rau AC load.
Muab piv rau cov kab hluav taws xob txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov system no ntxiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob thiab lub roj teeb. Thaum muaj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub tshuab hluav taws xob photovoltaic tuaj yeem ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv, thiab lub inverter tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hom kab sib chaws los muab lub zog rau lub nra.
Microgrid
Lub microgrid yog ib lub network faib uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (xws li photovoltaics thiab cua zog), cov khoom thauj, lub zog cia, thiab cov khoom siv tswj. Piv nrog rau thaj tsam dav sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, kev xa tawm, kev xa tawm, thiab kev siv hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob loj, microgrids tsuas yog ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw noj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob sib pauv nrog cov kab hluav taws xob loj.
Microgrids tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li daim phiaj hluav taws xob ywj pheej lossis txuas nrog rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob loj los pauv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Microgrid systems muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev sib koom ua ke loj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob faib thiab lub zog tauj dua tshiab.
Hauv microgrids, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov phiajcim loj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj hwm lub zog kom ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog faib.
Sib piv Table ntawm Ntau Qhov Systems
| Cov khoom sib piv | Daim phiaj txuas hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob | Off-grid power generation system | Hybrid zog cia thiab tiam system | Microgrid system |
| Kev sib raug zoo nrog daim phiaj fais fab | Kev txuas ncaj qha mus rau pej xeem lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem xa hluav taws xob ntau dhau mus rau daim phiaj lossis tau txais hluav taws xob los ntawm daim phiaj. | Ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, tsis yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sab nraud, tsim nyog rau thaj chaw uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. | Nws tuaj yeem txuas rau daim phiaj hluav taws xob lossis ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws xob, nrog ob hom kev ua haujlwm: daim phiaj sib txuas thiab tawm ntawm daim phiaj. | Nws tuaj yeem txuas nrog rau sab nraud daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej thaum xav tau, ua tiav lub zog tus kheej txaus hauv cheeb tsam. |
| Kev thov rau lub zog cia khoom siv | Feem ntau, lub zog cia cov cuab yeej tsis xav tau vim tias hluav taws xob ntau dhau tuaj yeem xa ncaj qha mus rau daim phiaj. | Lub zog cia khoom siv (xws li roj teeb) yuav tsum tau nruab los khaws cov hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob thaum nruab hnub siv thaum hmo ntuj lossis thaum tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo. | Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem yuav tsum ua kom tiav kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej thaum tsis muaj daim phiaj hluav taws xob. | Tej zaum yuav suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cia kom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev xav tau hauv cheeb tsam thiab txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob. |
| Daim ntawv thov scenarios | Haum rau cov tsev nyob thiab kev lag luam hauv nroog thiab suburban cheeb tsam, nrog rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob hnub ci loj. | Tsim nyog rau thaj chaw deb thiab thaj chaw uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, xws li thaj chaw roob thiab cov Islands tuaj. | Tsim nyog rau thaj chaw uas muaj hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua lossis cov neeg siv uas xav ua kom lawv lub zog txaus rau tus kheej. | Tsim nyog rau thaj chaw me me xws li cov chaw ua si thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tswj tus kheej thiab kev ua kom zoo ntawm lub zog. |
| System complexity thiab nqi | Cov qauv yog qhov yooj yim thiab tus nqi qis vim tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua. | Cov qauv yog complex thiab tus nqi yog siab, yuav tsum tau lub zog cia khoom thiab ywj siab tswj systems. | Cov qauv yog complex thiab tus nqi yog siab, yuav tsum tau inverters thiab lub zog cia khoom siv uas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si kab sib txuas thiab tawm kab sib chaws hom. | Cov qauv yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab raug nqi, yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau qhov chaw siv hluav taws xob, lub zog khaws cia, thiab kev tswj xyuas lub zog nyuaj. |
| Stability thiab kev cia siab ntawm lub hwj chim mov | Lub zog hluav taws xob nyob ntawm qhov ruaj khov ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, thiab lub kaw lus tseem yuav tsum tsis ua haujlwm thaum lub zog hluav taws xob. | Lub hwj chim mov yog ywj siab kiag li thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob, tab sis tsuas yog txwv los ntawm huab cua thiab lub zog cia. | Kev sib xyaw kom zoo ntawm daim phiaj sib txuas thiab tawm ntawm kab sib chaws, nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv muab lub zog thaum lub zog hluav taws xob, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. | Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev xav tau hauv cheeb tsam, txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. |
Los ntawm cov lus no, peb tuaj yeem pom qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog cov kab sib chaws, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob khaws cia, cov ntawv thov scenarios, system complexity thiab nqi, nrog rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau txhua qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic. Qhov no pab peb xaiv hom kev tsim nyog raws li kev thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov xwm txheej.